The forever witness How DNA and genealogy solved a cold case double murder

Edward Humes

Book - 2022

"After 30 years, Detective Jim Scharf arrested a teenage couple's murderer-and exposed a looming battle between the pursuit of justice and the right to privacy. When Tanya Van Cuylenborg and Jay Cook were murdered during a trip to Seattle in the 1980s, detectives had few leads. The murder weapon was missing. No one witnessed any suspicious activity. And there was only a single handprint on the outside of the young couple's van. The detectives assumed Tanya and Jay were victims of a serial killer-but without any leads, the case seemed forever doomed. In deep-freeze, long-term storage, biological evidence from the crime scenes sat waiting. Meanwhile, California resident CeCe Moore began her lifetime fascination with genetic gen...ealogy. As DNA testing companies rapidly grew in popularity, she discovered another use for the technology: solving crimes. When Detective Jim Scharf decided to send the cold case's decades-old DNA to Parabon NanoLabs, he hoped he would bring closure to the Van Cuylenborg and Cook families. He didn't know that he and Moore would make history. Anyone can submit a saliva sample to learn about their ancestry. But what happens after the results of these tests are uploaded to the internet? As lawyers, policymakers, and police officers fight over questions of consent and privacy, the implications of Scharf's case become ever clearer. Approximately 250,000 murders in the United States remain unsolved today. We have the tools to catch many of these killers-but what is the cost?"--

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Subjects
Genres
Case studies
True crime stories
Published
[New York] : Dutton [2022]
Language
English
Main Author
Edward Humes (author)
Physical Description
x, 372 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (pages 347-358) and index.
ISBN
9781524746278
  • Prologue: Litterbug
  • Part I. We'll Be Back Tomorrow Night
  • 1. If Only...
  • 2. Squirrelly
  • 3. Wrong Turn
  • 4. Patrol Deputy Scharf
  • 5. Searching
  • 6. Fertile Ground for the Bogeyman
  • 7. The Jane Doe of Parson Creek Road
  • 8. It's Always the Boyfriend
  • 9. He's Taunting Us
  • 10. Nowhere Man
  • 11. Baby Alpha Beta and the Finder of Lost Souls
  • 12. She Parts Her Wings and Then She's Gone
  • Part II. Finders of Lost Souls
  • 13. Cold Case Man
  • 14. The DNA Blues
  • 15. The Tool of Inclusion
  • 16. Precious Jane Doe
  • 17. Facing a Killer
  • 18. ColdFusion
  • 19. He's the One That You Want
  • Part III. Mystery Man
  • 20. Watching and Waiting
  • 21. Can You Come Back Tomorrow?
  • 22. Oh, That's Just Bill
  • 23. Heart of Gold, Van of Copper
  • 24. The End of the Perfect Crime
  • 25. The Nietzsche Dilemma
  • 26. The Detective Versus the Four Pillars
  • 27. Is That It?
  • 28. For Me, That Closes the Window
  • 29. That's Gonna Stick in My Head
  • Epilogue
  • Acknowledgments
  • Notes
  • Index
Review by Booklist Review

Pulitzer Prize--winning journalist turned narrative nonfiction writer Humes (Burned, 2019) returns to true crime in this engrossing story of a double murder and the genetic genealogy technique that helped solve it decades later. In 1987, young couple Jay and Tanya headed to Seattle for an overnight trip and didn't return, their families' greatest fears confirmed when their bodies were found, separately, a week later. The assumed killer left behind scant evidence; DNA and a partial print turn up no matches, leaving the case cold. Years later, detective Jim Scharf investigates the murders using multiple technological advancements, but to no avail. When genetic genealogist CeCe Moore and Parabon NanoLabs get involved, a list of suspects is narrowed down to one relatively quickly. Scharf and Moore make history, while also sparking a debate about the ethics of solving crimes using popular ancestry databases, to which millions of people voluntarily upload their DNA. Scharf is portrayed as a clear-headed detective and makes a wonderful guide to this story. Humes' writing is suspenseful yet also journalistic, providing fascinating details about the case, technological advances in police work, and genetic genealogy. A winner for any fan of true crime.

From Booklist, Copyright (c) American Library Association. Used with permission.
Review by Publisher's Weekly Review

In 1987, 18-year-old Tanya Van Cuylenborg and 20-year-old Jay Cook, the victims at the center of this stellar true crime account from Pulitzer Prize winner Humes (Burned: A Story of Murder and the Crime That Wasn't), disappeared while on a road trip from Canada to Seattle. Their bodies and their abandoned van were found days later; Tanya had been raped and shot and Jay beaten to death. The case made headlines for months, but it would be 31 years before Bill Talbott, a 55-year-old Seattle trucker "with no criminal convictions on his record and no known connection to the victims," was arrested, thanks to determined cold case investigator Jim Scharf and genetic genealogist CeCe Moore. Humes delves into Scharf's and Moore's personalities and backgrounds while explaining the development of home DNA kits, their use in solving crimes, and the controversy over police use of these private for-profit databases, from which anyone can update a DNA profile to trace their ancestors and unknowingly finger a criminal relative in the process. In "the first-ever genetic genealogy murder trial," Talbott was convicted in 2019, though he's currently awaiting a second trial after the first was overturned on appeal based on an issue unrelated to the DNA evidence. Humes matches taut prose with assured storytelling. This fascinating look at how technology has revolutionized crime solving is must reading. Agent: Susan Ginsburg, Writers House. (Nov.)

(c) Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved
Review by Library Journal Review

Does the individual's right to privacy outweigh law enforcement's mandate to identify people who commit violent offenses? That's the question that Pulitzer Prize-- and PEN Award--winning journalist Humes (Burned) seeks to answer as he examines the use of genetic genealogy in cracking the cold case in 2018 of the brutal 1987 murders of Tanya Van Cuylenborg and Jay Cook in Snohomish County, WA. The heartbreaking tale of this double murder is interwoven with the account of the detectives working to solve the case to bring closure to the young couple's family and friends. The result is a thoughtful discussion of the ethical issues surrounding GEDmatch, the DNA database that genetic genealogists used to solve famous cold cases such as the Golden State Killer. VERDICT An excellent addition to any true crime collection, this one is sure to intrigue readers who are interested in delving deeper into the hows and whys of solving cold cases.--Jennifer Moore

(c) Copyright Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
Review by Kirkus Book Review

A cold-case hunt for a killer brought down by old-fashioned gumshoe work and lots of modern science. In 1987, Canadian couple Tanya Van Cuylenborg and Jay Cook traveled from Vancouver to Seattle to purchase furnace equipment for his heating business. They made their way across the Olympic Peninsula, which, Humes writes ominously, "would take them through some of Washington State's most remote and sparsely populated terrain." They never made it home, both murdered by an unknown person fleetingly seen along their path. It took decades for police detectives to arrive at a suspect, working with what the author terms an "unlikely source," a "self-taught genealogist" who worked with the PBS series Finding Your Roots With Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and who sussed out the killer's identity by building a family tree. There were plenty of choices at first, including serial murderers such as the Green River Killer and Spokane Serial Killer, that needed to be narrowed down, but it took a paper cup carelessly dropped from the chief suspect's truck to make the link to familial DNA. After the suspect was arrested, his mother-in-law said flatly, "I'm not surprised in the least," for what emerged was a typical portrait: a bullied child, bright but disaffected, a "man at times consumed by anger yet desperately seeking approval." The author then shifts the scene to a second arena in which the prosecuting attorney was working to establish "a coherent narrative that explained what happened, when and where," and then trying to prove this with three-decade-old evidence. With side glances at other cold cases, Humes serves up a detailed but not overburdened exercise in investigative and legal logic that would have seemed ironclad save for an unforeseen technicality. About that, he writes, "finality is elusive in the justice system," ending his book on an inconclusive note. A well-paced true-crime procedural that offers new twists on old methods of police work. Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

PART I We'll Be Back Tomorrow Night If ever there was time, I would lie in the sands of Gonzales and wiggle my toes in the sun. So leave me not forever, and keep love in your soul. -Tanya Van Cuylenborg, from the last entry in her notebook We were only eighteen. We were kids. We felt invincible. But you grow up fast when your best friend is kidnapped and murdered. -May Robson 1 If Only . . . November 17, 1987 Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada "Why don't you come with us?" Tanya Van Cuylenborg grinned, picturing the look on her best friend's face. "What, me?" May Robson sputtered. "Jump in the car and drive to Seattle tomorrow, just like that?" "Nope," Tanya said. After a beat, she added, "We're going in Jay's dad's van." This last-minute trip to Seattle was actually her boyfriend's idea, she told May. And, okay, yes, she admitted, she was feeling a little nervous about it, this first extended trip alone with Jay Cook. So Tanya was doing what any eighteen-year-old almost-adult would do in such a situation: she asked her girlfriend to come along. But May had gone quiet. "C'mon, Mary-Anne," Tanya implored, emphasizing each syllable of May's proper first name. "You need a little adventure." "So true," May muttered grumpily. Tanya held her breath. Impulsive last-minute trips abroad were not May's thing. That was Tanya's role in this friendship. But once persuaded to jump in, Tanya knew, no one had her back better than May. "Please come," Tanya pressed. "We're going to be sleeping in his dad's van and I'll be uncomfortable alone with Jay. It'll be so much easier with you there. It'll be fun." Normally, Tanya could expect May to agree then, no further discussion needed. The two had done everything together, after all, ever since they bonded at a Brownie troop meeting when they were eight. They'd become a constant presence at each other's homes and tables ever since. May considered Tanya's dad, Bill, a second, funnier father. The best friends graduated from high school together, ate and drank their way through London and Paris on a school trip that spring together, bluffed their underage selves into bars together. Tanya relished making it her personal mission to coax her more conventional friend into impetuous day trips and expeditions. She couldn't remember May ever expressing regret at going along for the ride, not even when they got hopelessly lost in France late one evening. Tanya kept a cool head that night for May's sake, and they finally found their way back to their hotel, arm in arm. This time, though, May said she'd have to disappoint her friend: she was sick. The pressure of the hard plastic telephone was making her relentless earache worse, she told Tanya. She had a pounding headache, fever, and chills. She wanted to say yes, but as much as she loved to be spontaneous with her best friend, and as much as she hated to say no when Tanya played the girlfriend-in-need card, May said she wasn't going anywhere anytime soon. Certainly not the next day. "I'm sorry, sweetie. I'd be miserable, and I'd make the both of you miserable. I need to stay home in bed." Tanya grumbled a bit, then mastered her disappointment, straining to sound both sincere and sympathetic when she said that, of course, she understood. Everything would be fine in Seattle, she assured May. They both knew Jay was a great guy, that she'd be fine without May playing third wheel. She was just being silly. In truth, she said, the impetus for the trip hadn't been fun and adventure but a request from Jay's dad, Gordon Cook. He needed a replacement furnace for a customer of his heating service and repair business. His regular supplier in Vancouver on the mainland had fallen through, but a company in Seattle had the right furnace and fittings. He just needed someone to make the five-hour car and ferry trip to pick up the old-style oil burner and haul it back. Normally Gordon's business partner, Spud Talbot, would do it. When a trip to Seattle was needed, Spud would depart on a Friday and bring his wife. They'd make a weekend getaway of it, then return with the parts on the following Monday. But this job couldn't wait for the weekend-winter had come and the customer needed a working furnace as soon as possible. So Jay volunteered to handle it, then asked Tanya to join him. His dad had given him money for a hotel, but Jay wanted to pocket the cash and spend the night in the family van, parked outside the supply warehouse. He and Tanya could pick up the furnace first thing in the morning, then there'd be time and money for some sightseeing and shopping before returning to Vancouver Island. They'd arrive back home that evening, Tanya explained. "I'll talk to you then," Tanya and May said at the same time. The two friends laughed their good-nights before hanging up. May Robson would replay that phone call in her mind time and again over the days, years, and decades to come. Sometimes she would dream about it. Thirty-plus years later, she still remembers her last conversation with Tanya with the sort of clarity normally reserved for a favorite song or a beloved movie replayed more times than can be counted. The warmth of her friendÕs voice still rings in her ears, the laugh she knew better than her own, the easy intimacy with the one person she could and did tell everything. Except, on that last day, she told her friend no. After all this time, May still cannot speak of that without squeezing her eyes shut. In her dream version of that conversation, May usually gives a different answer. She sees herself happily packing a bag with her mom's help, then waiting for Tanya to swing by with Jay at the wheel of his hulking copper-colored family van. If only that dream version were true, May often thinks, everything might have been different. Two people headed to Seattle had been an easy target for a predator, she reasons. But had she gone along, had she been in that van during that trip, three might have been a crowd, and the predator might have moved on in search of easier prey. There's a chance nothing would have happened if she just had gone along for the ride, a chance Tanya would have come home as planned. The dream, which she has had many times, evokes in May's imagination the life that might have been: Her kids would be in school with Tanya's. She and Tanya would call each other on the phone every day. Tanya would still be talking her into crazy, impulsive adventures. She had no doubt their friendship was one of those special ones that would have endured longer than anything else in their lives. Of course, every dream has its nightmare alternative: May could have gone to Seattle with Tanya and Jay and shared their fate. A seasoned predator might not have been deterred by one additional teenaged girl. Another young woman in the van might have provided even more inducement for the killer to strike. It's not that May hasn't thought about that chilling alternative outcome: it would have been horrible, she knows. May has lived a good life since then, and, all these years later, she is glad she chose to stay home, glad she chose life and a family and a future, even if she had not known she was choosing them at the time. But the part of her that she usually keeps to herself knows if only she had said yes to Tanya, one way or the other she would have been spared a lifetime of grief, survivor's guilt, and regret. Excerpted from The Forever Witness: How DNA and Genealogy Solved a Cold Case Double Murder by Edward Humes All rights reserved by the original copyright owners. Excerpts are provided for display purposes only and may not be reproduced, reprinted or distributed without the written permission of the publisher.