The science of storytelling Why stories make us human and how to tell them better

Journalist and novelist Storr (Selfie, 2018) has compiled the scientifically proven ingredients for an empirically gripping story. Inspired by his popular workshop of the same name, Storr's book is for both storytellers and story consumers. Using psychology, sociology and neuroscience, Storr examines what compels audiences to care about a novel, movie, or play. His conclusion revolves around character: flawed, specific characters make a story worth finishing. He relies on examples from Citizen Kane, to Lolita, to The Remains of The Day to show how relating to or abhorring the characters within is critical to engagement with the plot. Plot, in Storr's assessment, never matters as much as character; it's simply a series of events that tests the will of the players. A juicy plot can't keep an audience's attention if left in the hands of a flat, unchanging cast. The book is key in understanding why some stories sell and why some go long forgotten. Storr's examination of myth and the mind has something to offer anyone curious enough to pick it up.

British novelist and science journalist Storr (Selfie: How We Became So Self-Obsessed and What It's Doing to Us, 2018, etc.) peels back the neuroscience of what makes stories work.A good storyAlice's Adventures in Wonderland, say, or Draculaoperates on rules that its makers may have internalized but may not be able to enumerate. One is that the creator of a story builds a model world that readers then colonize and rebuild. In one study, subjects "watched" stories as they were being related by casting their eyes upward when events occurred above the line of horizon, and "when they heard downward' stories, that's where their eyes went too." Tracking saccades when stories land on a person is one thing, but there are fundamental observations that storytellers have long known: Character is more important than plot, for instance, and, as Storr puts it, "every story you'll ever hear amounts to something changed.' " A skillful storyteller will then build the promise of change close to the beginning, as with E.B. White's opening to Charlotte's Web: "Where's Papa going with that ax?" Humans being self-centered if social critters, another fundamental element is that we all like to be the hero of our own epicsour lives, that iswhich helps explain our attraction to other such heroes and the journeys they face, which involve at least a couple of failures before getting it right. Moreover, we like the vicarious experience of chaos while yearning for stability in our own lives, which explains the value of a good tale full of reversals. As for that old rule about avoiding clichs like the plague? It turns out that the brain doesn't fire quite so blazingly when it hears a familiar phrase as when it hears a fresh new metaphor, reason enough for the careful writer to try to find a new way of turning a phrase.Both veteran and budding storytellers will learn a great deal from Storr's pages, which themselves add up to a meaty yarn. Copyright Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.