Session 1 Arjuna Despairs King Dhritarashtra, the father of the cousins (the Kauravas) opposing Krishna and Arjuna, asks his visionary advisor, Sanjaya, what is happening on the battlefield. Sanjaya, who has the power to witness events without being physically present for them, narrates the action. The action takes place on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. The two armies are in formation, facing off, ready to make war. Duryodhan, the leader of the Kauravas, addresses his military mentor, cataloguing the warriors on both sides. Arjuna asks his friend and charioteer, Krishna, to park his chariot between the two armies. Surveying his extended family, he is overcome with panic and despair. He tells Krishna how he feels and how he has a horror of fighting his own relatives. Arjuna throws aside his weapons and sits down. Dhritarashtra said, On that field of dharma, Kurukshetra, My sons and Pandu's Mustered, wanting war. What did they do, Sanjaya?{{1}} Sanjaya said, Seeing the Pandava formation's Vanguard, Duryodhan Advanced toward his Master. The words . . . the King is speaking. . . .{{2}} "Take a look at that army. How grand! The sons of Pandu, Master, mustered Under Drupada's son, Your sharp-witted student.{{3}} The heroes here--great bowslingers! Matches in a clash for Bhima and Arjuna, For Yuyudhana and Virata And Drupada in his great chariot.{{4}} Dhrishtaketu, Cekitana, Kashi's heroic king, Purujit, and Kuntibhoja, And bull-necked Shaibhya,{{5}} Yudhamanyu with his spirited stride, And courageous Uttamaujas, Subhadra's sons and Draupadi's, All in great chariots . . .{{6}} Ours are excellent, too--better Believe it, best of Brahmins! Just so you can get a sense, I'll name The marshals of my army:{{7}} Your Lordship, Bhishma, Karna, Battle-winning Kripa, Asvatthama, Vikarna, And Somadatta's son as well,{{8}} And many other heroes Who give their lives up to my ends, All specialists in war, Armed to launch multiple strikes.{{9}} It has no measure, this force of ours That Bhishma guards. It measures up, that force of theirs That Bhima guards. . . .{{10}} In all maneuvers, Every one of you At every station, Keep guard over Bhishma!"{{11}} The eldest Kuru, To make his grandson happy, Sent up a lion roar And searingly blew his conch shell.{{12}} At that, conch shells and kettledrums, Cymbals, snare drums, bullhorns Struck up all at once. This sound became a tumult.{{13}} Standing fast behind the onrush Of yoked white horses, Madhu's scion and Pandu's son Blew their divine conch shells.{{14}} Krishna, his hair bristling, Blew Panchajanya. Wealthwinning Arjuna Blew Godsgift. Wolf-bellied Bhima, Fearsome in action, blew Paundra.{{15}} King Yudhishtir, Kunti's son, Blew Neverending Victory. Nakula and Sahadev Blew Sweetsound and Gemblossom.{{16}} Kashi's king, the best of bowmen, Shikhandin in his great chariot, Dhrishtadyumna and Virata And invincible Satyaki,{{17}} Drupad, Draupadi's sons, Subhadra's great-armed son-- Your Majesty, they blew their conch shells, Each his own and all together.{{18}} This hue and cry, King Dhritarashtra, Tore through the hearts of your sons. Of the sky and earth The tumult made one thunder.{{19}} Under the banner of Hanuman, Arjuna Scanned your sons in squadrons Formed for the coming clash of arms. Pandu's son held high his bow.{{20}} To a bristling Krishna, Arjuna Spoke these words: "Ever-enduring one, Station my chariot Midway between the armies,{{21}} Just while I survey The war lust of these squadrons. Whose battle ardor wants To make war with me?{{22}} I see them here, come together, About to battle us. They want A war to serve the evil Mind of Dhritarashtra's son."{{23}} These were the words that Arjuna spoke To Krishna where Midway between the armies He had stationed the chief chariot.{{24}} Faced with Bhishma and Drona And all the rulers of the world, Arjuna said, "Just look at this: A Kuru Family gathering!"{{25}} Pritha's son could see them standing there: Fathers and grandfathers, Teachers, uncles, brothers, Sons, grandsons, friends as well,{{26}} Fathers-in-law, kindhearted Friends in both the armies, All his relatives in close order. The son of Kunti pondered them.{{27}} Pierced by infinite pity, In despair, he said, "Seeing this--my own people, Krishna-- Drawing close because they're dying to fight. . . .{{28}} My legs buckle And my mouth dries up And my body gets the shakes And my hair stands on end!{{29}} Gandiva falls from my hand, And my skin, it burns, And I can't stand anymore, And it's like it's . . . wandering, my mind. . . .{{30}} And I see omens, Krishna, Inauspicious ones, and I Can see no good will come Of killing my own people in battle!{{31}} I don't want victory, Krishna, Or a kingdom, or 'happiness.' What's a kingdom to us, Cowherd? What are pleasures, what is life?{{32}} The ones for whose sake we would want Kingdoms, pleasures, happiness-- On a war footing here They give up breath and wealth!{{33}} Teachers, fathers, sons, Even grandfathers, Uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, Brothers-in-law . . . other relatives, too. . . .{{34}} Though they are out to kill me, Krishna, I don't want to kill them-- Not for the kingship of three worlds! How much less, then, for some ground?{{35}} Killing off Dhritarashtra's sons. . . . What kind of joy would that be? If we kill these hostile archers, The evil's going to stick to us!{{36}} We just don't have the right to kill Dhritarashtra's sons. Our own relatives! If we really were to kill them, How could we be happy, Krishna?{{37}} Even if greed so overpowers Their thoughts that they can't see How wrong it is to wreck a family, How ruinous, to betray a friend,{{38}} Since when do we not know enough To turn back from this sin? Seeing clearly, Krishna, as we do How wrong it is to wreck a family!{{39}} Wreck a family, the family's Ancient laws vanish. Once its laws Have vanished, lawlessness Overpowers the whole family.{{40}} Lawlessness in power, Krishna, The family's women grow corrupt. The women once corrupted, Krishna, The colors pour together.{{41}} Intermix, and it all goes to hell, The family with the family's wreckers. Their forefathers get debased, Robbed of their ritual rice and water.{{42}} The wrongs of these family wreckers Make the colors pour together-- Codes of caste, eternal Family laws--obliterated!{{43}} Men whose family laws Have been obliterated, Krishna-- We've heard of this happening-- They dwell in hell forever!{{44}} Ah--ach--what a great sin We're hell-bent on committing! So greedy for kingly pleasures We're ready to kill our own people!{{45}} If I--no resistance, no weapons-- Were killed by the armed sons Of Dhritarashtra--that Would be easier for me!"{{46}} Having said this in the war zone, Arjuna sat on the chariot seat, Throwing down his bow and arrow, His grief-stricken mind recoiling.{{47}} Excerpted from Godsong: A Verse Translation of the Bhagavad Gita, with Commentary by Amit Majmudar All rights reserved by the original copyright owners. Excerpts are provided for display purposes only and may not be reproduced, reprinted or distributed without the written permission of the publisher.
