Apostles of revolution Jefferson, Paine, Monroe and the struggle against the old order in America and Europe

John E. Ferling

Book - 2018

"Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and James Monroe were in the vanguard of revolutionary ideas in the 18th century. As founding fathers, they risked their lives for American independence, but they also wanted more. Each wished for profound changes in the political and social fabric of pre-1776 America and hoped that the American Revolution would spark republican and egalitarian revolutions throughout Europe, sweeping away the old monarchical order. Ultimately, each rejoiced at the opportunity to be a part of the French Revolution, a cause that became untenable as idealism gave way to the bloody Terror. Apostles of Revolution spans a crucial period in Western Civilization ranging from the American insurgency against Great Britain to the ...Declaration of Independence, from desperate engagements on American battlefields to the threat posed to the ideals of the Revolution by the Federalist Party. With the French Revolution devolving into anarchy in the background, the era culminates with the "Revolution of 1800," Jefferson's election as president"--Title page verso.

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Subjects
Published
New York : Bloomsbury Publishing 2018.
Language
English
Main Author
John E. Ferling (author)
Physical Description
xvi, 478 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations ; 25 cm
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (pages 405-408) and index.
ISBN
9781632862099
  • Preface
  • Prologue
  • Chapter 1. "The Destinies of Life": On the Road to Bigger Things
  • Chapter 2. "The Birthday of a New World Is at Hand": Revolutionaries
  • Chapter 3. "These Are the Times That Try Men's Souls": Paine and Monroe Go To War
  • Chapter 4. "Defending Our Fanes and Fire-Sides": Winning the Revolutionary War
  • Chapter 5. "The Times That Tried Men's Souls, Are Over": Peace and New Departures
  • Chapter 6. "My Country Is the World": Paine and the Early Years of the French Revolution
  • Chapter 7. "Itching for Crowns, Coronets, and Mitres": The Rise of Partisan Politics
  • Chapter 8. "The Only Man Who Possessed the Confidence of the Whole": Partisan America in a Predatory World
  • Chapter 9. "I Relinquish Hope": The French Revolution in France and America
  • Chapter 10. "A Continued Scene of Horror": Paine, Monroe, and the Luxembourg
  • Chapter 11. "The Federalist Tide Is Strong": Gloomy Years for the Apostles of Revolution
  • Chapter 12. "The Reign of Witches": The High Federalists Take Charge 323
  • Chapter 13. "I Know of No Republic Except America": Endgame
  • Chapter 14. "Death Has No Terrors for Me". Closing the Age of Paine
  • Afterword
  • Abbreviations
  • Select Bibliography
  • Notes
  • Index
Review by Choice Review

Ferling (Univ. of West Georgia), an expert on the American Revolution, is a prolific author whose previous books include studies of John Adams, Joseph Galloway, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington. Here, he covers Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and James Monroe in a comparative biography. Fourteen artfully written chapters sketch their lives (birth to death), political careers, and publications. Central to the story is the men's overriding desire for radical change. All three wished to transform the American colonies through revolution but saw the American Revolution's potential to effect change around the world thereafter, including through the French Revolution. "For Jefferson, Monroe, and Paine, the battles they fought after 1776, and especially during the tumultuous 1790s, were waged for nothing less than the dignity, equality, and rights of man in America and throughout Europe and England." They were "true radicals" who believed wholeheartedly in "democracy and egalitarianism." To achieve a fuller understanding of the intellectual history of the American Revolution, however, students will want to supplement this volume with other accounts, ones more sympathetic to the more conservative Adams and Hamilton, for instance. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty. --Mark G. Spencer, Brock University

Copyright American Library Association, used with permission.
Review by Booklist Review

Ferling, a prolific and accomplished historian, makes the case for the radicalism and anti-authoritarianism of three diverse individuals, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and James Monroe. Highly regarded for his expertise in Revolutionary-era history (Independence: The Struggle to Set America Free, 2011), Ferling compels his readers' interest in this dense but clearly written analysis of the period of the American and French Revolutions. Paine is essentially the book's central character, though Monroe, as ambassador to France, is critical in securing Paine's release from a French prison during the Reign of Terror. Ferling's bringing together of events in Europe and America is unusual and insightful; his treatment of the execution of Louis XVI, which Paine opposed, is notably touching, and his account of those of Louis' widow, Marie Antoinette, and of the French multitudes suitably horrifying. If Ferling makes a better case for the similar ardor of his three protagonists than for their appropriateness as interrelated subjects of a book, he nevertheless provides a sophisticated view of revolutionary times on both sides of the Atlantic.--Levine, Mark Copyright 2018 Booklist

From Booklist, Copyright (c) American Library Association. Used with permission.
Review by Publisher's Weekly Review

History professor Ferling (Whirlwind: The American Revolution and the War That Won It) effectively blends narrative history with analysis to provide a new perspective on the U.S.'s founding. He traces the evolution of "three politically engaged Founders who shared a sense of hopeful possibilities about liberating and empowering ordinary people" and the consequences of their ambitions. Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and James Monroe had all hoped that the revolt against England would catalyze political upheaval throughout Europe, and they struggled to accept both the disappointing results of the French Revolution and forces within their own country that they considered antidemocratic. Ferling walks readers through the arc of each man's life, injecting nuance and avoiding idealization; for example, he contrasts Jefferson's advocacy of treating people equally with his persistent refusals to publicly condemn slavery. Ferling brings the political struggles of his subjects to life, enriching readers both familiar and unfamiliar with the period's history with discussion of the now-obscure Federalist schemes to deny Jefferson the presidency in 1800. By noting present-day parallels to the risks that 19th-century oligarchs posed to democracy, Ferling has produced the best kind of popular history, one that illuminates why remembering the past is vital for the present. Agent: Geri Thoma, Writers House. (May) © Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved.


Review by Library Journal Review

Ferling (emeritus, history, Univ. of West Georgia) traces the philosophies and activities of Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and James Monroe from the beginning of the American War of Independence through the unstable postwar period and French Revolution to Jefferson's 1800 presidential win. The author argues that these men were the most radical champions of revolution, who believed that the war was only the beginning of an indispensable movement that would dramatically transform the colonies and then advance to Europe to spread egalitarian changes throughout the old world. Each earnestly witnessed and participated in the French Revolution (Paine's harrowing experiences are singularly gripping) and lamented its ultimate failure but never lost faith in republican ideals. They vehemently fought Hamiltonian resistance to republicanism during the 1790s; -Jefferson's (Declaration of Independence) and Paine's (Common Sense; Rights of Man) progressive writings had groundbreaking global impact. Ferling scoured the papers of many prominent players to reveal the radically egalitarian political, social, and economic ideas of this ambitious trio, demonstrating how each sacrificed to promote his beliefs. VERDICT This compelling narrative will appeal to both scholarly and popular 18th-century history enthusiasts as well as those who value representative government.-Margaret Kappanadze, Elmira Coll. Lib., NY © Copyright 2018. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.

(c) Copyright Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
Review by Kirkus Book Review

A history of three of the Founding Fathers who fought relentlessly "for nothing less than the dignity, equality, and rights of man in America and throughout Europe and England."Except for stressing the revolutionary credentials of his subjectsThomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and James MonroeFerling (Emeritus, History/Univ. of West Georgia; Whirlwind: The American Revolution and the War that Won It, 2015, etc.) delivers solid, conventional biographies, so readers searching for lives of the Founders can kill three birds with this one stone. All three men supported rule of the common man, but only Paine could not be accused of hypocrisy. He hated slavery and the seizure of Indian lands and never had much money, but his later attacks on George Washington and organized religion made him so unpopular that some Americans have never considered him a true Founding Father. Members of the Virginia aristocracy, Jefferson and Monroe opposed slavery in theory but treated their own slaves poorly. Jefferson is well-known for proclaiming that an ideal nation consists of small, independent farmers whose representatives would rule with a light hand. What he meant was that these sturdy yeomen would elect responsible gentry like himself who knew how to govern large groups of citizens. He was most unhappy when the electorate turned to crude, less-educated types more to their tastee.g., Andrew Jackson. Mostly a follower of Jefferson and president from 1817 to 1825, Monroe is the least known of the three, so readers will find his biography particularly illuminating. Ferling matured during the turbulent 1960s when a school of historians believed that revolutionaries were cool and that traditional elitists like Washington and Adams lacked a je ne sais quoi. Though he has moved beyond this camp, a trace remains in this excellently opinionated history.Another winner of early American history from a renowned practitioner. Copyright Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.