Stamped from the beginning The definitive history of racist ideas in America

Ibram X. Kendi

Book - 2016

"Americans like to insist that we are living in a postracial, color-blind society. In fact, racist thought is alive and well; it has simply become more sophisticated and more insidious. And as award-winning historian Ibram X. Kendi argues in Stamped from the Beginning, racist ideas in this country have a long and lingering history, one in which nearly every great American thinker is complicit. In this deeply researched and fast-moving narrative, Kendi chronicles the entire story of anti-Black racist ideas and their staggering power over the course of American history. Stamped from the Beginning uses the lives of five major American intellectuals to offer a window into the contentious debates between assimilationists and segregationists... and between racists and antiracists. From Puritan minister Cotton Mather to Thomas Jefferson, from fiery abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison to brilliant scholar W. E. B. Du Bois to legendary anti-prison activist Angela Davis, Kendi shows how and why some of our leading proslavery and pro-civil rights thinkers have challenged or helped cement racist ideas in America. As Kendi provocatively illustrates, racist thinking did not arise from ignorance or hatred. Racist ideas were created and popularized in an effort to defend deeply entrenched discriminatory policies and to rationalize the nation's racial inequities in everything from wealth to health. While racist ideas are easily produced and easily consumed, they can also be discredited. In shedding much-needed light on the murky history of racist ideas, Stamped from the Beginning offers us the tools we need to expose them--and in the process, gives us reason to hope." -- Publisher's description

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Subjects
Published
New York : Nation Books [2016]
Language
English
Main Author
Ibram X. Kendi (author)
Physical Description
viii, 582 pages ; 25 cm
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references(pages 516-561) and index.
ISBN
9781568584638
  • Part I. Cotton Mather
  • Human hierarchy
  • Origins of racist ideas
  • Coming to America
  • Saving souls, not bodies
  • Black hunts
  • Great awakening
  • Part II. Thomas Jefferson
  • Enlightenment
  • Black exhibit
  • Created equal
  • Uplift suasion
  • Big bottoms
  • Colonization
  • Part III. William Lloyd Garrison
  • Gradual equality
  • Imbruted or civilized
  • Soul
  • The impending crisis
  • History's emancipator
  • Ready for freedom?
  • Reconstructing slavery
  • Reconstructing blame
  • Part IV. W.E.B. Du Bois
  • Renewing the south
  • Southern horrors
  • Black Judases
  • Great white hopes
  • The Birth of a Nation
  • Media suasion
  • Old deal
  • Freedom brand
  • Massive resistance
  • Part V. Angela Davis
  • The act of civil rights
  • Black power
  • Law and order
  • Reagan's drugs
  • New Democrats
  • New Republicans
  • 99.9 percent the same
  • The extraordinary Negro
  • Epilogue.
Review by Choice Review

Self-proclaimed as a definitive history of racist ideas in the US, this exhaustive, encyclopedic opus lives up to that claim. Kendi's mighty tome is breathtaking in its scope, beginning with Biblical stories of the curse of Ham and Aristotle's theory that climate explained why black people were dark in color. In his history of ideas about "race" and alleged black inferiority, Kendi (African American history, Univ. of Florida) examines sources as diverse as Cotton Mather, Thomas Jefferson, William Lloyd Garrison, W. E. B. Du Bois, and E. Franklin Frazier. The author blasts not only traditional racists who insisted on immutable biological inferiority, but also well-meaning assimilationists, both black and white, who attributed black inferiority to the "imbruting" consequences of slavery, matriarchal families, or dysfunctional ghetto culture. Writing from a "left of center" perspective, Kendi praises Angela Davis while excoriating neoconservatives and the likes of Richard Herrnstein, Charles Murray, Abigail Thernstrom and Stephan Thernstrom ("Few whites are now racists"), John McWhorter, and color-blind racism. Progressive antiracists will love this book, while those on the Right will hate it. A great companion to Winthrop Jordan's White over Black (CH, Apr'68), at 511 pages it will be difficult to get students to read it in full, but intrepid readers will find it both worthwhile and extraordinary. Summing Up: Essential. All levels/libraries. --Wayne C. Glasker, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden

Copyright American Library Association, used with permission.
Review by Booklist Review

This heavily researched yet easily readable volume explores the roots and the effects of racism in America. Kendi, assistant professor of African American history at the University of Florida, offers this history through chronologically arranged sections based on the lives of five figures from American history: socially and politically influential Puritan minister Cotton Mather; President Thomas Jefferson; prominent abolitionist and social reformer William Lloyd Garrison; civil rights activist and author W. E. B. Du Bois; and political activist and writer Angela Davis. Kendi posits that there is a three-way argument happening between segregationists, who blame black people for racial disparities; antiracists, who blame discrimination; and assimilationists, who think everyone is at fault. The narrative smoothly weaves throughout history, culminating in the declaration that as much as we'd like it to be, America today is nowhere near the postracial country that the media declared following the election of Barack Obama in 2008. The hope here is that by studying and remembering the lessons of history, we may be able to move forward to an equitable society.--Vnuk, Rebecca Copyright 2016 Booklist

From Booklist, Copyright (c) American Library Association. Used with permission.
Review by Library Journal Review

Kendi (African American history, Univ. of Florida; The Black Campus Movement) argues that deep beliefs in differences between blacks and whites reach back beyond -America's colonial beginnings, and in order to explain the disparities that have persisted in white supremacy and black subordination, suggests that three distinct sets of voices-segregationists, assimilationists, and antiracists-have defined the dominant opinions. Segregationists and -assimilationists represent obverse sides of the same coin in Kendi's view. Both accept the stamp of blackness as inferiority: one maintaining that it is biological and cannot be eradicated, the other contending it is behavioral and can be uprooted. Antiracists have rejected the concept by embracing human differences. Using examples ranging from the 1600s to the present, the author exposes the ideas that have formed the foundation of racial discrimination, employing as tour guides prominent Americans such as Cotton Mather, Thomas Jefferson, William Lloyd Garrison, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Angela -Davis. VERDICT -Kendi's provocative egalitarian argument combines prodigious reading and research with keen insights into the manipulative power of racist ideologies that suppress the recognition of diversity. This is a must for serious readers of -American history, politics, or social thought.-Thomas J. Davis, Arizona State Univ., Tempe © Copyright 2016. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.

(c) Copyright Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
Review by Kirkus Book Review

An accomplished history of racist thought and practice in the United States from the Puritans to the present. Anyone who thought that the 2008 election of President Barack Obama marked the emergence of post-racial America has been sorely disillusioned in the subsequent years with seemingly daily reminders of the schism wrought by racism and white supremacy. And yet anyone with even a cursory understanding of this country's tortured history with race should have known better. In this tour de force, Kendi (African-American History/Univ. of Florida; The Black Campus Movement: Black Students and the Racial Reconstitution of Higher Education, 1965-1972, 2012) explores the history of racist ideasand their connection with racist practicesacross American history. The author uses five main individuals as "tour guides" to investigate the development of racist ideas throughout the history of the U.S.: the preacher and intellectual Cotton Mather, Founding Father Thomas Jefferson, ardent abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison, scholar W.E.B. Du Bois, and activist Angela Davis. Kendi also poses three broad schools of thought regarding racial matters throughout American history: segregationist, assimilationist, and anti-racist. Although this trio can be reductionist, it provides a solid framework for understanding the interplay between racist ideas, anti-racism, and the attempts to synthesize them"assimilationism," which the author ultimately identifies as simply another form of racism, even when advocated by African-Americans. The subtitle of the book promises a "definitive history," but despite the book's more than 500 pages of text, its structure and its viewing of racial ideas through the lens of five individuals means that it is almost necessarily episodic. Although it is a fine history, the narrative may best be read as an extended, sophisticated, and sometimes (justifiably) angry essay. Racism is the enduring scar on the American consciousness. In this ambitious, magisterial book, Kendi reveals just how deep that scar cuts and why it endures, its barely subcutaneous pain still able to flare. Copyright Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.